Calcium Carbide Market to Observe Strong Development by 2025
Calcium
carbide (CaC2) is manufactured by heating a lime and carbon mixture
between 2000 and 2100°C (3632 to 3812°F) in an electric arc
furnace. The lime is reduced by carbon to calcium carbide and carbon
monoxide (CO). Calcium carbide, CaC2 when pure, is transparent and
colorless, with a specific gravity of 2.22, at 180°C. It is prepared
in the laboratory by thermal decomposition under vacuum of pure
calcium cyanamide in the presence of carbon to produce absolutely
white calcium carbide. Commercially, calcium carbide varies in color
from steel-gray to reddish brown, depending on impurities and the
method of manufacture. Industrial calcium carbide is about 80% pure.
Its outstanding property is that of reacting with water to produce
acetylene gas.
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Calcium
carbide is an inorganic compound with the following primary
commercial applications: production of calcium cyanamide (a nitrogen
fertilizer), generation of acetylene, and usage in the iron (foundry)
and steel industries as a desulfurization reagent. Thus, rising
demand from end-use industries is estimated to drive the market;
however stringent government regulations and high manufacturing cost
are likely to hamper the market.
Calcium
carbide is the main source of acetylene, and acetylene is utilized
principally in the synthesis of a series of resins, organic
chemicals, and plastics, and in oxyacetylene cutting and welding of
metals. Calcium carbide is also employed as a dehydrating agent and
as a reducing and desulfurizing agent in metallurgical processes.
In
terms of application, the calcium carbide market can split into
acetylene manufacturing, synthesis of solvents, pharmaceuticals,
plastics, steel making, carbide lamps, and others. The key
applications of calcium carbide is in the synthesis of solvents and
organic compounds required in pharmaceutical and dyestuff industries,
in the manufacture of calcium cyanamide, acetylene required in
oxyacetylene welding, and manufacture of synthetic rubber and
plastics. It is utilized in the manufacture of graphite and hydrogen,
in steel hardening, and in the reduction of copper sulfide and
metallic oxide. Furthermore, it is also used in the production of
cyanamide, where it serves as a nitrogen fixative. Cyanamide, CaCN2,
is used as a fertilizer and as a raw material for the production of a
series of nitrogenous compounds (dicyanamide, guaniddine, and
melamine). Carbide is employed in metallurgy as a disulfurizing and
deoxidizing agent. Thus, demand from the applications mentioned above
drives the market.
In
terms of region, the calcium carbide market can be segregated into
North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Middle East &
Africa. North America and Europe are major regions of the calcium
carbide market, led by the expansion of the end-use industry. Asia
Pacific is expected to be an emerging market during the forecast
period, due to the rising demand from emerging economies such as
China and India. China leads the market in APAC due to easy
accessibility and abundant availability of coal reserves. Demand for
calcium carbide from industries such as PVC and metallurgy are also
driving the market.
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Companies
have started investing in the innovation and development of calcium
carbide due to the rise in demand for acetylene. Prominent players
operating in the calcium carbide market include Carbide Industries
LLC, Denka, MCB Industries SDN BHD, AlzChem, Iran Carbide, and SA
Calcium Carbide.
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